上腕二頭筋長頭腱炎

Biceps longus tendonitis

上腕二頭筋は長頭と短頭の二股に分かれています。長頭の方が摩擦によって炎症を起こしやすく痛みが出やすいです。上腕二頭筋は、上腕骨（腕の骨）の結節間溝と横上腕靭帯からなるトンネルを通ります。上腕骨の結節間溝を通るときに、浮いてこないように烏口上腕靭帯で抑えられています。上腕二頭筋は肘を曲げる時や肩を挙げる時に力が入る筋肉です。この結節間溝は肩の前にあるので、痛みが出る部位も肩の前になります。野球の投球動作、テニスのサーブ、バレーのアタックなどの、連続した動作が発症の引き金になったりします。このようなオーバーハンドスポーツや、ウェイトトレーニングや重たいものを持つような重労働をする人にはよく見られます。レントゲンでは患部の症状は見えません。簡単なテスト法としては、ヤーガソンテスト：術者は患者様の肘を９０度曲げさせ、手を内向きに捻らせる。患者は術者の内向きへの力に対抗して手を外向きに返す。このとき肩関節の前面に痛みが生じた場合、上腕二頭筋長頭腱炎が陽性となります。スピードテスト：患者様の手のひらを上に向けて、肘を伸ばして頂き、そのまま上に上げていきます。術者は患者の手をつかみ、下向きに抵抗をかける。肩関節の前面に痛みが生じた場合、上腕二頭筋長頭腱炎が陽性となります。この症状が起きると、上腕二頭筋の筋スパズム、過剰緊張がおこりやすくなります。鍼灸治療としては、筋スパズムで硬くなった筋や腱を柔らかくする必要があります。筋肉の緊張を取り長頭腱の負担を減らし炎症を取り除く事で早期の回復をしていきます

The biceps brachii is divided into two halves, the long head and the short head. The long head is more prone to inflammation and pain due to friction. The biceps muscle passes through a tunnel consisting of the interosseous groove of the humerus (arm bone) and the transverse brachial ligament. As it passes through the interosseous groove of the humerus, it is held in place by the coracohumeral ligament to prevent it from floating. The biceps brachii muscle is the muscle that is used for strength when bending the elbow and raising the shoulder. Since this intertriginous groove is located in front of the shoulder, the site of pain is also in front of the shoulder. Sequential movements such as throwing in baseball, serving in tennis, and attacking in volleyball can trigger the onset of the disease. This is common in people who engage in such overhand sports or heavy labor such as weight training or heavy lifting. X-rays do not show symptoms of the affected area. A simple test method is the Jerguson test: the surgeon has the patient bend the elbow 90 degrees and twist the hand inward. The patient returns the hand outward to counter the inward force of the surgeon. If pain occurs in the anterior aspect of the shoulder joint, this is positive for biceps longus tendonitis. Speed Test: The patient is asked to extend his/her elbow with the palm of the hand facing up and then raise it straight up. The surgeon grabs the patient's hand and applies downward resistance. If pain occurs in the anterior aspect of the shoulder joint, the patient is positive for biceps long head tendonitis. When this condition occurs, muscle spasm and overstrain of the biceps tend to occur. Acupuncture treatment is necessary to soften the muscle and tendon that has become stiff due to muscle spasm. By removing muscle tension, reducing the strain on the long head tendon, and eliminating inflammation, the patient will recover quickly.